Thermodynamic Effect of Bulk and Nano-CuCl2 Salts on Tenoxicam Using a Variety of Different Techniques
Esam A. Gomaa
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Elsayed M. Abou El-Leef
Basic Science Department, Delta Higher Institute for Engineering & Technology, Dakhlia, Mansoura, Egypt
Kamal S. Shalaby
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Shereen E. Salem
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Keywords: CuCl2, Tenoxicam, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fuoss –Shedlovsky method, Association and formation constants, Thermodynamic parameters.
Abstract
Nanoparticles are very important for medicine and environment, because of their increased behaviours. The increasing in the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials are due to theirs high surface area and small volume, makes them very reactive , catalytic and able to pass through cell membranes. Characterization of nano-CuCl2 is done by using a variety of different techniques, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infra red spectroscopy (IR) and determination of its thermodynamic parameters using condutometric measurements. The association parameters of both bulk and nano-CuCl2 salts in DMF were easily calculated using using Fuoss-Shedlovsky method from temperatures, 298.15K (degree Kelvin) to 313.15K. In order to have a better understanding of thermodynamics of the complexation reactions between (bulk, nano-CuCl2) salts and tenoxicam in DMF, it is useful to determine the contribution of enthalpy and entropy of the reactions. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated from the temperatures dependence of the complexation constants ( Van't Hoff plot). The formation constants were measured as a function of temperature and increased by increasing temperature. Also, different volumes of tenoxicam in mixed (DMF+H2O) were determined from density measurement.